Skip to main content

Privado.com - A Private Search Engine

https://www.privado.com/ Your searches should be private. We make sure they really are.  Private Search in Action  We don’t track you  We don’t store your searches in any identifiable way  We don’t store your IP address in our services Your privacy is important.  There are no traces of your activities and personal identity in our servers.  You can learn more about privacy in our blog  We don't like cookies!   https://www.privado.com/

SQL Interview Questions and Answers - Part 1

Q: What is SQL?
A: SQL stands for 'Structured Query Language'.

Q: What is SELECT statement?
A: The SELECT statement lets you select a set of values from a table in a database. The values selected from the database table would depend on the various conditions that are specified in the SQL query.

Q: How can you compare a part of the name rather than the entire name?
A: SELECT * FROM people WHERE empname LIKE '%ab%'
Would return a recordset with records consisting empname the sequence 'ab' in empname .

Q: What is the INSERT statement?
A: The INSERT statement lets you insert information into a database.

Q: How do you delete a record from a database?
A: Use the DELETE statement to remove records or any particular column values from a database.

Q: How could I get distinct entries from a table?
A: The SELECT statement in conjunction with DISTINCT lets you select a set of distinct values from a table in a database. The values selected from the database table would of course depend on the various conditions that are specified in the SQL query. Example
SELECT DISTINCT empname FROM emptable

Q: How to get the results of a Query sorted in any order?
A: You can sort the results and return the sorted results to your program by using ORDER BY keyword thus saving you the pain of carrying out the sorting yourself. The ORDER BY keyword is used for sorting.

SELECT empname, age, city FROM emptable ORDER BY empname

Q: How can I find the total number of records in a table?
A: You could use the COUNT keyword , example

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM emp WHERE age>40

Q: What is GROUP BY?
A: The GROUP BY keywords have been added to SQL because aggregate functions (like SUM) return the aggregate of all column values every time they are called. Without the GROUP BY functionality, finding the sum for each individual group of column values was not possible.

Q: What is the difference among "dropping a table", "truncating a table" and "deleting all records" from a table.
A: Dropping : (Table structure + Data are deleted), Invalidates the dependent objects ,Drops the indexes
Truncating: (Data alone deleted), Performs an automatic commit, Faster than delete
Delete : (Data alone deleted), Doesn't perform automatic commit

Q: What are the Large object types suported by Oracle?
A: Blob and Clob.

Q: Difference between a "where" clause and a "having" clause.
A: Having clause is used only with group functions whereas Where is not used with.

Q: What's the difference between a primary key and a unique key?
A: Both primary key and unique enforce uniqueness of the column on which they are defined. But by default primary key creates a clustered index on the column, where are unique creates a nonclustered index by default. Another major difference is that, primary key doesn't allow NULLs, but unique key allows one NULL only.

Q: What are cursors? Explain different types of cursors. What are the disadvantages of cursors? How can you avoid cursors?
A: Cursors allow row-by-row prcessing of the resultsets.
Types of cursors: Static, Dynamic, Forward-only, Keyset-driven. See books online for more information.
Disadvantages of cursors: Each time you fetch a row from the cursor, it results in a network roundtrip, where as a normal SELECT query makes only one rowundtrip, however large the resultset is. Cursors are also costly because they require more resources and temporary storage (results in more IO operations). Furthere, there are restrictions on the SELECT statements that can be used with some types of cursors.
Most of the times, set based operations can be used instead of cursors.

Q: What are triggers? How to invoke a trigger on demand?
A: Triggers are special kind of stored procedures that get executed automatically when an INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE operation takes place on a table.
Triggers can't be invoked on demand. They get triggered only when an associated action (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) happens on the table on which they are defined.
Triggers are generally used to implement business rules, auditing. Triggers can also be used to extend the referential integrity checks, but wherever possible, use constraints for this purpose, instead of triggers, as constraints are much faster.

Q: What is a join and explain different types of joins.
A: Joins are used in queries to explain how different tables are related. Joins also let you select data from a table depending upon data from another table.
Types of joins: INNER JOINs, OUTER JOINs, CROSS JOINs. OUTER JOINs are further classified as LEFT OUTER JOINS, RIGHT OUTER JOINS and FULL OUTER JOINS.

Q: What is a self join?
A: Self join is just like any other join, except that two instances of the same table will be joined in the query.

Comments

Popular Posts

DOT NET Interview Questions with Answers

When not to use Design Patterns? Do not use design patterns in any of the following situations. • When the software being designed would not change with time. • When the requirements of the source code of the application are unique. If any of the above applies in the current software design, there is no need to apply design patterns in the current design and increase unnecessary complexity in the design. When to use Design Patterns? Design Patterns are particularly useful in one of the following scenarios. • When the software application would change in due course of time. • When the application contains source code that involves object creation and event notification. Benefits of Design Patterns: The following are some of the major advantages of using Design Patterns in software development. • Flexibility • Adaptability to change • Reusability What are Design Patterns? A Design Pattern essentially consists of a problem in a software design and a solutio

Probationary/ Specialist Officers in Indian Bank

Probationary/ Specialist Officers Location :  Across India Eligibility: BE/ B.Tech (Che/ Electrical/ Mech/ Prdn/ Textile/ ETE/ ECE/ CS/ IT)/ MCA/ MBA www.freshersworld.com Details:     Indian Bank (A Govt of India Undertaking) Recruitment of Probationary Officers/ Specialist Officers (Industrial Development Officers/ Computer Officers) Indian Bank, a leading Public Sector Bank, with headquarters in Chennai having geographical presence all over India and abroad invites online applications from Indian Citizens for the following posts. Post Code Post Scale Total Vacancy Age as on 01.07.09 Min Max 1 Probationary Officers I 118 21 30 Specialist Officers         Industrial Development Officers in the following Engineering disciplines         2 Chemical I 02 21 30 3 Electrical I 02 21 30 4 Electronics I 02 21 30 5 Leather Technology I 02 21 30 6 Mechanical I 02 21 30 7 Production/ Metallurgy I 02

DesignEvo - A free and easy online logo designer

DesignEvo is  easy-to-use online logo design tool with millions of icons, 100+ stylish  fonts, 3,000+ practical logo templates and handy editing tools. It can help  people easily create appealing and effective logos for their brands,  websites, blogs, social media channels, etc.  It is really awesome and intuitive interface. Easy to design and customize. A person can easily design by selecting a pre-defined logo design and modify it on the fly. Hardly you need 1 minute to design your new logo with minor modifications. Its really awesome site. I suggest you to try it out.   You can discover more about DesignEvo here: https://www.designevo.com Learn more about Designevo  @ YouTube designevo, free logo design, logo maker, create a logo, easy logo maker, design logo free, free logo, logo designs, logo images

Free Softwares 09 July 09

JDownloader JDownloader, open source and platform independent, can help download files from file hosters like Rapidshare.com, Megaupload.com and others. JDownloader can be used by both kinds of users - those who have a premium account and those who don't pay. Features: Support for many file hosting sites, decrypt plug-ins for many services. e.g. sj.org, UCMS, WordPress, skips the limits of Filehosting websites, downloads in multiple paralell streams, download with multiple connections, captcha recognition, automatical file extraction, Can download Youtube, Vimeo, clipfish video, and Mp3 files; 24-hour support, integrates with Firefox, no installation needed, and more. The 15.6 MB JDownloader, v.0.6.193, cross-platform - works on Windows, Linux and Mac OS X, can be downloaded at http://jdownloader.en.softonic.com/download Runs on Java 1.5 or higher. jGnash jGnash is a free personal finance manager with many features available in commercial versions. Main Features

Mobile Number Portability in India by Sept 20

Department of Telecom has issued ( .pdf ) a notification stating that long awaited number portability will finally be available by September 20. The main object of number portability is to be able to retain the same number even after switching between different mobile service providers.   Mobile Number Portability gives a mobile subscriber the leverage of retaining his/her mobile phone number even after switching between networks. As per Department of Telecom - Mobile Number Portability is to be implemented in Delhi, Mumbai, Maharashtra and Gujarat Service areas of Zone I and Zone 2 includes Kolkata, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, Andhra and Karnataka of within six months of award of license by September 20, 2009, and in the rest of the country by March 20, 2010. Syniverse Technologies have been licensed for MNP operations in Zone I while MNP Interconnection got licensed for MNP operations in Zone 2.   TRAI will decide all kinds of mobile number portability tariffs like the transaction

Contact Form

Name

Email *

Message *